Molecular Analysis of Thrombocytopenia and Cancer (MATAC): Investigating Antigenic Mimicry Between Platelets and Tumor Cells in Patients With Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) Associated With Cancer

Autoimmune thrombocytopenia, also known as immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by platelet destruction and impaired production, posing a life-threatening risk due to bleeding complications. The pathophysiology of ITP involves complex mechanisms, including both defective platelet production and auto-reactivity of B and T lymphocytes leading to the production of autoantibodies against platelets, found in 35 to 55% of cases. Additionally, in the context of neoplasia, some patients may develop varying degrees of thrombocytopenia, exacerbating morbidity and mortality. A multicenter, retrospective study will collect data from routine care, including birth date, gender, biological parameters related to ITP, dates of treatment initiation and diagnosis of ITP and cancer, types of treatments, and outcomes such as survival or death, without additional medical interventions or appointments.