Peginterferon α-2b Injection for Aerosol Therapy in Pediatric Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pneumonia

Inclusion Criteria:

• (1)Age: 1 year ≤ age ≤ 3 years; (2) Gender: Both male and female participants areeligible; (3) According to the 9th edition of "Zhu Fute's Practical Pediatrics,"meet the following diagnostic criteria: a. RSV test positive; b. Clinicalmanifestations: Fever, cough, wheezing; c. Physical signs: Rapid breathing and moistrales in the lungs; (4) Time: The time from the onset of the child's illness to thesigning of the informed consent form is within 72 hours (starting from theoccurrence of any symptom such as fever, cough, or wheezing); (5) Informed consent:The legal guardian of the child understands and signs the informed consent form (ifthe legal guardians are the parents, both parents need to sign together).

Exclusion Criteria:

• (1) Presence of any of the following clinical symptoms before enrollment: a. Poorgeneral condition, with altered consciousness, refusal to eat, or signs ofdehydration; b. Hypoxemia: Presence of cyanosis, rapid breathing (RR ≥ 50 breathsper minute), stridor, nasal flaring, tracheal tug, oxygen saturation < 92%, andintermittent apnea; c. Extrapulmonary complications; d. Chest X-ray or CT:Multilobar lung infiltrates, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, atelectasis, lungnecrosis, and lung abscess; e. Hyperpyrexia: Persistent high fever for more than 5days; f. Presence of critical complications such as respiratory failure andcirculatory failure; (2) Allergy history and treatment history: a. Receivingantiviral drug treatment with interferon, ribavirin, acyclovir, ganciclovir, orvidarabine monophosphate within 30 days before screening or currently; b. Receivingimmunoglobulin treatment within 30 days before screening or currently; c. Knownhypersensitivity to interferon or its components, or a clear history of otherallergies that make participation in this study inappropriate; d. Use of otherinvestigational drugs within 3 months before screening or within 5 half-lives (whichever is longer), or currently participating in a clinical trial for a medicaldevice at the time of screening; (3) Disease history and current medical history: a.History of congenital heart disease, severe malnutrition, abnormal immune systemfunction, or other serious diseases of major organ systems; b. Severe liver or renaldysfunction; c. History of viral infections such as HBV, HCV, HIV; d. Past orcurrent history of malignant tumors; e. Past history of epilepsy, or history andfamily history of neurological/psychiatric disorders; (4) Other conditions: Subjectsdeemed unsuitable for participation in this trial by the investigator.