La Ravoire, France

A Randomised Open-label Phase III Trial of REduced Frequency Pembrolizumab immuNothErapy for First-line Treatment of Patients With Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Immunotherapy with pembrolizumab targeting the T cell inhibitory PD-1 receptor has significantly improved outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Approximately 3600 new patients are treated in the 1st line setting per year in England alone and up to 25% remain on 6 weekly pembrolizumab for 2 years. However, pharmacological and clinical trial data suggest current frequent dosing for 2 years result in overtreatment. Indeed, pembrolizumab remains bound to its target receptor for up to 100 days following a single dose and studies in multiple tumour types have found no relationship between dose and patient outcome. Moreover, anti-PD1 treated patients who respond but discontinue therapy either as planned after 2 years, or earlier because of toxicity, can either remain in remission and/or be sensitive to re-challenge with pembrolizumab. REFINE-lung will test whether reduced pembrolizumab dose frequency (9, 12, 15, 18 weeks) after 6 months of standard treatment is safe and effective. This UK study represents a unique opportunity to determine whether pembrolizumab dose frequency can be safely reduced in NSCLC, resulting in significant cost benefits to the NHS and globally, in addition to enhanced patient QoL associated with fewer hospital attendances and reduced toxicity.

Myeloma XIV: Frailty-adjusted Therapy in Transplant Non-Eligible Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

ATTUNE® Revision- Complex Primary in Total Knee Arthroplasty Population

Within primary TKA, there are factors that lead to more complex procedures that include patients with high BMIs, advanced preoperative deformities and ligamentous laxity. Such cases may require the surgeon to treat using ancillary components, such as stems and/or augments and/or additional constraint. This post-market study will evaluate the short/medium term clinical performance and medium term survivorship of the ATTUNE Revision system system, which includes instrumentation, in complex primary TKA. The study is designed as a worldwide non-comparative, multi-center study with each site initially having a cohort of approximately 20 Subjects to recruit. The study will enroll approximately 200 fixed bearing and approximately 200 rotating platform configurations. The 2-year KOOS-ADL (activities of daily living) was selected as the primary endpoint because it will evaluate the post-operative period during which outcomes typically plateau and will therefore provide a good indication of longer term outcomes Male and female Subjects, age 22-80 years, inclusive, who require a primary knee arthroplasty in a joint that, due to deformity, instability, bone loss etc., necessitates the use of implants found within the ATTUNE Revision knee system and are suitable candidates for TKA using the ATTUNE® Revision system are eligible for enrollment in this study.

MIDI (MR Imaging Abnormality Deep Learning Identification)

An automated strategy for identifying abnormalities in head scans could address the unmet clinical need for faster abnormality identification times, potentially allowing for early intervention to improve short- and long-term clinical outcomes. Radiologist shortages and increased demand for MRI scans lead to delays in reporting, particularly in the outpatient setting. Furthermore, there is a wide variation in the management of incidental findings (IFs) discovered in 'healthy volunteers.' The routine reporting of 'healthy volunteer' scans by a radiologist poses logistical and financial challenges. It would be valuable to devise automated strategies to reliably and accurately identify IFs, potentially reducing the number of scans requiring routine radiological review by up to 90%, thus increasing the feasibility of implementing a routine reporting strategy. Deep learning is a novel technique in computer science that automatically learns hierarchies of relevant features directly from the raw inputs (such as MRI or CT) using multi-layered neural networks. A deep learning algorithm will be trained on a large database of head MRI scans to recognize scans with abnormalities. This algorithm will be trained to classify a subset of these scans as normal or abnormal and then tested on an independent subset to determine its validity. If the tested neural network demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy, future research participants and patients may benefit, as not all institutions currently review their research scans for incidental findings and clinical scans may not be reported for weeks in some cases. In both research and clinical scenarios, an algorithm could rapidly identify abnormal pathology and prioritize scans for reporting. In summary, the aim is to develop a deep learning abnormality detection algorithm for use in both research and clinical settings.

Clinical and Functional Outcome of the MobileLink Acetabular Cup System in the Short-, Mid-, and Longterm Follow-up

HDClarity: a Multi-site Cerebrospinal Fluid Collection Initiative to Facilitate Therapeutic Development for Huntington's Disease

This is a longitudinal open-ended observational study. Participants will attend two annual study visits, an Annual Screening Visit followed by an Annual Sampling Visit, and may also attend an optional visit during the first year of enrollment, an Optional Repeat Sampling Visit. During the Annual Screening Visit, medical history, and clinical and phenotypic data will be obtained. Participants who meet the eligibility requirements of the study and are willing to continue in the study, will return for an Annual Sampling Visit. During that visit, biosamples will be collected following a fast of at least 6 hours, or overnight: blood will be obtained via venipuncture and CSF will be obtained via lumbar puncture. Some participants may be invited to return for an Optional Repeat Sampling Visit approximately 4-8 weeks after the Annual Sampling Visit during their first year of enrolment. The annual visits are at regular intervals after the first Annual Screening Visit (i.e. at 1, 2, 3 years and so on) ± 2 months. Participants will be encouraged to complete all annual visits; however, they are under no obligation to take part and will be able to skip annual visit without being discontinued from the study. Participants who do not come for an Annual Sampling Visit for three consecutive years will be discontinued from the study, but they may enrol again at a later date, if they so consent. Participants who have already completed HDClarity Sampling Visits under earlier versions of this protocol may also participate in the longitudinal study if they meet the eligibility criteria.

Triple Therapy Prevention of Recurrent Intracerebral Disease EveNts Trial

Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is the most serious and least treatable form of stroke, accounting for at least 10% of the 20 million new strokes that occur globally each year. Survivors of ICH are at high risk of recurrent ICH and other serious cardiovascular events. While there is strong evidence that this risk can be reduced by lowering the blood pressure (BP) of patients after ICH, many patients with ICH do not receive BP-lowering treatment long-term unless BP levels are particularly high, and many do not receive BP combination therapy. The aim of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of a combination of fixed low-dose generic BP lowering agents, as a "Triple Pill" strategy on top of standard of care for the prevention of recurrent stroke in patients with a history of ICH and high normal or low grade hypertension. The study is a large-scale, international, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised controlled trial.

Trial to Test the Effects of Adding 1 of 2 New Treatment Agents to Commonly Used Chemotherapy Combinations

AML18 is a trial primarily for older patients with AML and high risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS). It offers a randomised controlled Phase II/III trial which uses a factorial design for maximum efficiency to evaluate two induction options followed by treatment with small molecule beyond course 1, and dose intensification for patients without evidence of MRD negativity. There are five randomised comparisons within the trial: 1. At diagnosis: For patients not known to have adverse risk cytogenetics DA chemotherapy plus a single dose of 3 mg/m2 of Mylotarg versus CPX-351. Patients with abnormal LFTs can enter the randomisation but receive DA alone or CPX-351. 2. For patients who received DA chemotherapy but are not in CR or who are MRD +ve, or for whom MRD is not assessable. DA versus DAC versus FLAG-Ida 3. All patients at second course who have received DA and have not received Vosaroxin and Decitabine induction AC220 versus no AC220 for a maximum of 3 cycles; then with or without maintenance for 1 year for patients allocated AC220 4. For patients who are in CR or CRi and MRD -ve post course1 and have completed 2 courses of DA DA versus intermediate dose Cytarabine (IDAC) 5. For patients who received CPX-351 chemotherapy but are not in CR or who are MRD +ve, or for whom MRD is not assessable CPX-351 100 units/m2 x 3 doses versus CPX-351 100 units/m2 x 2 doses The trial will also assess: - Non-intensive allogeneic stem cell transplant for patients with matched sibling or matched unrelated donors. - The combination of Vosaroxin and Decitabine for those with known adverse risk cytogenetics at diagnosis