While there is now a proven, prominent relationship between endometriosis and infertility,
the exact mechanism of this relationship is still unclear. The relationship between
endometriosis and infertility has been increasingly investigated in recent years. Infertility
can be explained in those patients with advanced disease, which causes disturbance of the
pelvic anatomy and will also prevent tubal passage, but the mechanism at the early stage of
endometriosis has not yet been elucidated.
It has been shown that patients with endometriomas have low quantitative ovarian-reserve
tests. It has also been shown with oocyte donation studies that endometriosis may be
accompanied by a quantitative decrease in oocyte quality defects which may further adversely
affect existing ovarian reserves. There are still debates as to whether the presence of
endometriomas and the availability of endometriomas itself reduces the over-reserve, but
there is no objective study or data on the subject.There are a number of studies that
endometriosis may negatively affect the reserve, and also that surgery may cause further
damage to the ovarian reserve.There is still lack of definite data for the affect of
endometriomas per se and endometriomas treatment modalities ( Oral contraceptive pills (OCP)
/ progesterone or surgery)on the ovarian reserve over time. For this reason the investigators
aimed to evaluate whether endometrioma-associated decline in ovarian reserve is progressive
in the absence of any intervention and is greater in magnitude than the natural decline over
time. Also the affect of endometrioma treatment modalities like surgery or medical on the
ovarian reserve over time.
The study is planned as a prospective study including women with endometrioma diagnosed with
ultrasonography and also healthy age matched women without endometriomas as the control
group. Endometrioma patients will be divided to 4 subgroups of patients. The first group will
be comprised women with endometriomas that who will not require any medical or surgical
intervention, the second subgroup will be comprised from endometrioma patients will be
treated with OCP during the study period, the third one will be comprised from endometrioma
patients will be treated with progesterone and the last subgroup will be comprised from
endometrioma patients who will be treated with surgical excision of the cyst. All of the
patients with and without endometrioma will be evaluated with ultrasonography for Antral
Follicle Count (AFC) and blood samples will be taken during recruitment for Anti-müllerian
Hormone (AMH) values. Additional assessments will be done after 3 and 6 months after the
first assessment. All the results will be statistically compared within the groups.