The second primary molar (SPM) development start at the same time as development of the first
permanent molars (FPM) and permanent incisors so any systemic disturbance - causing stunted
growth -occur , will result in hypo-mineralization of SPM as well as FPM and permanent
incisors (Butler 1967, Weerheijm and Mejàre 2003).
The literature shows no previous studies that discuss the association between hypo-
mineralized second primary molar (HSPM), MIH and the stunted growth in children.
aim: Estimate Prevalence of HSPM and MIH in stunted children.Evaluate the association between
HSPM, MIH and the stunted growth in a group of Egyptian children.
. Methods of selection:
Stunted children aged from 5 to 8 years attending outpatient clinic in Pediatric
Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University will be included in this
study according to eligibility criteria.
Informed consent will be obtained from children parents or guardians accepting to
participate in the study. Medical and sociodemographic data will be recorded in patient
chart.
Children will be examined clinically on dental units using artificial light. Wet cotton
swabs will be used to prior to examination to remove excess plaque or saliva.
The diagnostic criteria for MIH established based on the European Academy of Pediatric
Dentistry criteria (Weerheijm and Mejàre 2003) while diagnostic criteria for HSPM was
established by (Elfrink et al. 2008).
Data sources and management:
Data will be obtained through clinical examination on participant children for MIH and HSPM
according to the diagnosis criteria that we selected and the result will be collected in form
of percentage for both conditions and the data will be analysis to show the relation between
those conditions.
Handling of numerical/ quantitative variables:
Numerical data will be explored for normality by checking the data distribution, calculating
the mean and median values and using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro- Wilk tests. If the data
was found to be normally distributed, it will be presented as mean and standard deviation
values. If the assumption of normality was found to be violated, the data will be presented
as median and range values.
Handling of categorical/ qualitative variables:
Categorical data will be represented as frequency (n) and percentage (%).
Statistical analysis:
Categorical data will be represented as frequency (n) and percentage (%) and will be analyzed
using chi square test. Numerical data will be explored for normality by checking the data
distribution, calculating the mean and median values and using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and
Shapiro-Wilk tests. If the data was found to be normally distributed, it will be presented as
mean and standard deviation values and independent t-test will be used for the analysis. The
significance level will be set at P ≤0.05 for all tests. Statistical analysis will be
performed with IBM® SPSS® Statistics Version 26 for Windows.