Effect of Novel Exhalational Delivery System with Fluticasone (EDS-FLU) on Eustachian Tube Dysfunction (ETD)

BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE

Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) can be a symptom of allergic rhinitis, non-allergic rhinitis, or chronic rhinosinusitis. However, it can also be a separate entity with patients displaying no other symptoms of the previously mentioned diseases. There is currently no FDA- approved medication specifically for eustachian tube dysfunction, but most otolaryngologists, allergists, and primary care physicians employ multiple different over-the-counter and prescription medications for its treatment. Most common are oral and topical antihistamines, nasal steroid sprays, topical and oral decongestants, and oral steroids. Nasal steroid sprays, which are FDA-approved for allergic rhinitis, are most frequently used for chronic ETD despite a lack of large clinical trials to support their use. These sprays do have good safety profiles, are frequently available over-the-counter, and do have good data on their efficacy in rhinitis and sinusitis.

Fluticasone nasal spray is available over the counter and is a nasal steroid spray. It is frequently recommended or prescribed for chronic eustachian tube dysfunction. However, its efficacy and the efficacy of all nasal sprays may be limited by the access of previously available sprays into the nasopharynx. The level of evidence for these sprays in chronic ETD is poor overall with only one randomized controlled trial in adults. This study determined no benefit over placebo. In studies determining the deposition of nasal sprays, most of the spray is deposited in the front of the nasal cavity over the inferior turbinates and very little gets into the sinus cavities or nasopharynx. A new exhalational delivery system fluticasone spray (EDS-FLU) has been FDA-approved for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps. The main difference between this spray and previously available sprays is that it penetrates deeper into the sinuses and also to the nasopharynx, the location of the eustachian tubes. In this system, the user blows out while pumping the spray bottle and his/her breath is the driving force of the spray bottle. Blowing out also elevates the soft palate, seals the nasopharynx, and contains all the spray into the nasal cavity, sinuses, and nasopharynx. In a traditional spray, the soft palate is at resting position, and the spray can pass through the nasal cavity and down into the oropharynx and mouth. This is typically perceived by many users as postnasal drip after the use of nasal sprays. The investigators have previously published a retrospective review of the use of EDS-FLU in patients with at least 1 month of ETD symptoms and found that 79% had improvement more than the minimal clinically important difference. Thirty-six percent of patients normalized with regards to symptoms, and 80% of patients with pre- and post-treatment tympanometry normalized their tympanogram. This study will compare placebo to fluticasone exhalational nasal spray system (Xhance) in a randomized, controlled study.