Effect of Ultrasound Cavitation on Insulin Resistance in Patients with Central Obesity in Female

Inclusion Criteria:

• Female subjects with central obesity.

• Female participants aged between 25 to 40 years.

• Body Mass Index (BMI) ranged from 30 to 35 kg/m2 as high BMI indicates more obesityand central obesity.

• Waist circumference greater than 88 cm, indicative of abdominal obesity.

• Diagnosed with insulin resistance (HOMA-IR > 2.9).

• Sedentary lifestyle, defined as engaging in less than 150 minutes ofmoderate-intensity physical activity per week.

• Willingness to provide informed consent and comply with study procedures.

Exclusion Criteria:

• • Subjects diagnosed with DM (HbA1c more than 6.5%).

• History of metabolic disorders such as type 1 diabetes or thyroid disorders.

• Subjects with BMI less than 30 kg/m2.

• Subjects diagnosed with heart disease, liver as well as kidney diseases.

• Subjects who take oral contraceptives.

• Subjects with gestational Diabetes.

• Pregnant or breastfeeding women were excluded from the study.

• Use of weight-loss medications or supplements within the past six months.

• Previous surgical procedures for weight loss or body contouring.

• Contraindications to ultrasound therapy (e.g., metal implants in the abdomen,active skin infections).

• Participation in another clinical trial within the last three months.